Over the last years the applications of chemically modified carbon nanotubes have considerably expanded and progressed in both material and biomedical science. A vast number of SWNTs based materials have been rationally designed and synthesized to combine specific properties of different matters in a single nanoplatform. However, there is still plenty of room for the realization of smart SWNTs composites constituted by molecular devices able to respond to external stimuli with a degree of ‘intelligence’.